Adenomyosis is a painful condition?

 The uterus is lined by endometrial tissue. Adenomyosis occurs when this tissue develops into the muscular walls of the uterus. During each menstrual cycle, the displaced tissue goes on behaving as usual – thickens, sheds and bleeds. The uterus becomes bloated and uncomfortable, resulting in heavy periods.

What are the signs and symptoms of Adenomyosis?

• Menstrual cramps and heavy bleeding

• Menstruation should be prolonged.

• Dyspareunia is characterized by painful intercourse.

• Pelvic discomfort that persists

• Dysmenorrhea is defined as extreme discomfort during menstruation.

• Sharp pelvic pain and severe abdominal cramps

• Lower abdominal pressure and pain

• The uterus enlarges or grows in size.

• Adenomyosis may produce mild to severe pain with no signs or symptoms in certain situations.

Causes of Adenomyosis:

Adenomyosis's actual etiology is unclear. 

• The backflow of menstrual blood caused by outside to inside invasion is known as retrograde menstruation.

• Some specialists believe that the endometrial cells that line the uterus may be involved in the assault on the uterine wall muscle (invasive tissue growth). Endometrial cells may directly penetrate the uterine wall as a result of uterine incisions produced after C-section (Cesarean section).

• No matter how adenomyosis develops, the growth of the condition largely depends on the Estrogen circulating in the body.

• Origin of bone marrow stem cells (Denovo metaplasia): According to one theory, bone marrow stem cells may target the uterine muscles and induce adenomyosis.

What are the risk factors?

The risk factors for adenomyosis are as follows:

Middle-aged women are at risk (women in their 40s and 50s)

Prior surgeries included uterine fibroids removal, a C-section, and dilatation and curettage.

How is Adenomyosis Identified?

Conditions such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, and endometrial polyps may mimic the signs and symptoms of adenomyosis, making diagnosis challenging. As a result, before diagnosing adenomyosis, your gynecologist must rule out the possibility of other disorders. To ensure this, gynecologists thoroughly evaluate your condition based on the signs and symptoms, pelvic examination (it is done to check for a tender and enlarged uterus) and certain diagnostic tests – such as Ultrasound and MRI of the uterus.

Treatment for adenomyosis

The majority of women's adenomyosis resolves after menopause. Therefore, doctors formulate an effective treatment plan based on the age of the woman and how close is she to menopause. Women suffering from adenomyosis may relieve from severe pain and stomach discomfort by beginning anti-inflammatory medications; hormonal medications may reduce profuse bleeding and pain. If any of these treatments fail to offer any relief, then your doctor may suggest an intrauterine device or lastly hysterectomy depending on the age factor.

Many women believe that adenomyosis becomes less serious. Heavy and persistent bleeding, on the other hand, may result in chronic anemia, weakness, and weariness, as well as other health problems. Furthermore, adenomyosis produces excessive bleeding and discomfort, which may affect daily life and activities.

When Should You See a Doctor?

Don’t delay in seeking medical help. If you experience severe stomach cramps with soreness and pressure in the lower abdomen, see a gynecologist. If severe cramps and excessive bleeding during your periods are interfering with your everyday activities, seek an appointment with a gynecologist.

If you are facing this disorder, Consult Dr. Anshumala Shukla Kulkarni is one of the best Gynecologist in Andheri west.

Also read: Top 10 reasons for Menstrual Irregularities in Women

Thanks for reading!